Indonesian Journal of Community Services

Ethical and Civilizational Perspectives on Digital Technology and Social Value: A Conceptual Review

Siti Sarawati Johar — 2025-11-30

The rapid evolution of digital technology has profoundly transformed how humans interact, construct values, and interpret civilization. This article explores the ethical and civilizational challenges posed by digital media through a conceptual literature review. It focuses on critical issues such as privacy, misinformation, algorithmic bias, and the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on human values and cultural heritage. The discussion is framed using three ethical approaches: consequentialism, deontology, and virtue ethics. Strategic responses are proposed, including early digital ethics education, cultural preservation via modern platforms, and the enforcement of ethical technology policies. The article also addresses challenges such as social media addiction, cyberbullying, and uncontrolled technology use, which contribute to the erosion of social values and cultural identity. Ultimately, the article calls for a collective effort involving government, educational institutions, content creators, and society to cultivate a digital ecosystem that is not only advanced but also civilized and deeply human.

Training on Strengthening Social Networks and Collaboration Between Group Members to Improve the Welfare of Rice Farmers in Cialam Jaya Village, Konda District, South Konawe Regency

Sarpin — 2025-11-30

The community service program in Cialam Jaya Village, Konda District, South Konawe Regency, is designed with a participatory approach and holistic experiential learning-based training methods. This training aims to strengthen the social network and collaboration of rice farmer groups through a series of activities such as directed group discussions, field practice simulations, and mentoring by cross-disciplinary experts. The training process begins with a needs assessment, then continues with the preparation of training modules and the implementation of skills through direct practice, followed by the stage of collective evaluation and reflection. The results of the activity showed a positive impact in the form of increased communication, trust, and cooperation between farmers. In addition to technical improvements such as irrigation efficiency and crop diversification, the training also succeeded in strengthening interpersonal capacities, such as shared decision-making and conflict management. The evaluation showed an increase in productivity, active participation of farmers, and the emergence of collective farming initiatives. Alternative strategic solutions such as regular communication forums, mentoring of superior farmers, and the integration of technology based on local wisdom also support the sustainability of program results. This service proves that contextual and collaborative approaches can encourage socio-economic transformation and strengthen village independence based on sustainable agriculture.

The Trend of Social Collaboration as a Transformative Strategy for Environmental Degradation Mitigation in Coastal Villages

Muhammad Amir — 2025-11-30

This study aims to analyze social collaboration between the community and the government of Tanjung Tiram Village in mitigating environmental degradation, particularly through deliberative forums, collective actions, and educational programs. The research employed a descriptive qualitative method with observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation to explore lived experiences and real practices in the field. The findings reveal that collaboration manifests as a complementary partnership, with the community serving as the primary actor in actions and the government acting as the policy facilitator. Mitigation strategies encompass preventive measures through waste education, rehabilitative actions through reforestation, and adaptive responses via the use of organic fertilizers, emphasizing the importance of socio-ecological synergy. This study is significant as it demonstrates that coastal communities with limited resources are capable of developing a participatory-based mitigation model. Its practical implication lies in the potential replication of this model in other coastal villages, while also contributing to the literature on community-based governance. However, the study is limited to one location with a social focus; therefore, further research is recommended to integrate technical ecological aspects and conduct comparative analyses across different regions.

Navigating the Struggles of Beedi Workers Using the Garrett Ranking Approach: A Case Study of Jangipur Subdivision, Murshidabad

Kismode Doha — 2025-11-30

Beedi making is an integral part of the country’s unorganised sector, wherein labor is predominantly sourced from impoverished classes of society; Jangipur subdivision of Murshidabad is no exception. To rank the challenges faced by beedi workers comprehensively and objectively, this research applies the Garrett Ranking Technique. The analysis highlights that concern with health, inadequate income, and long working hours are some of the most significant stressors experienced by workers. Sickness and diseases are the results of long exposure to tobacco and unfavorable working conditions, low wages, and long hours of work, which compound economic difficulties. However, job insecurity and the lack of access to welfare measures for the population remain critical issues due to the informal nature of work. Furthermore, social prejudice for manual jobs is connected with the social status of the workers, but it appears to be diminishing due to higher literacy levels. Accordingly, the called for policy aids encompassing occupational health and other socio-economic domains of the beedi workers’ lives corroborate this study’s call to consider developing policy initiatives to support the physical, financial, and socio-security status of beedi workers, and in the process, facilitating social upliftment for them and serve as a guide for designing intervention strategies in this beleaguered segment of the workforce.

Activation of Business and Institutionalization of the Red-and-White Village Cooperatives in the Kolono District, South Konawe Regency

Syamsir Nur — 2025-11-30

The Red-and-White Village Cooperatives has strategic potential as a forum for the people's economy that plays a role in improving the welfare of rural communities, creating jobs, expanding economic participation, accelerating the strengthening of MSMEs, and reducing inflation and extreme poverty. However, its establishment and sustainability face a number of challenges, particularly related to business aspects, the quality of management resources, institutional aspects, and partnership networks. This activity aims to improve the business and institutional capacity of its managers so that cooperatives can operate as transparent, accountable, sustainable economic entities based on local potential. The expected benefits include increased understanding and skills in cooperative governance, particularly in business and institutional management, as well as support for local governments in strengthening the role of cooperatives as pillars of family-based and mutual assistance economic empowerment. The results show that Kolono Subdistrict has 21 Red-and-White Village Cooperatives, all of which were established through a new cooperative establishment model in accordance with the Minister of Cooperatives Implementation Guidelines Number 1 of 2025. The existence of these cooperatives is supported by government support, institutional structures, local resource potential, and market opportunities. However, several obstacles remain, such as low management and human resource capacity, limited capital, minimal member participation, and market uncertainty. Business and institutional activation needs to be directed towards strengthening governance, increasing human resource capacity, developing relevant business models, utilizing technology, strengthening capital, multi-stakeholder collaboration, and continuous monitoring and evaluation.

Community Development in the Prevention of Body Shaming in Students in Cisalak Village, Subang

Muhammad Ali Equatora — 2025-11-30

This community service aims to prevent body-shaming behavior among students at SMA Plus Pagelaran, Cisalak Village, Subang, through a community development approach. Body shaming, the act of criticizing a person's physical appearance, hurts students' psychology and self-confidence. This program is implemented by providing education to students, teachers, and parents about the negative consequences of body shaming and the importance of respecting physical diversity. The activities carried out include socialization, group discussions, and the formation of supportive communities that strengthen students' confidence. The method is a participatory approach that involves all stakeholders in the school environment to create social norms that reject body shaming. Data collected through observation and interviews indicated increased awareness and a shift toward more positive attitudes toward physical differences among students. The results of community service activities prove that community development-based interventions are effective in reducing body shaming and building an inclusive and supportive school environment. This program is expected to serve as a model for preventing body shaming in other rural schools by empowering the community and supporting students' mental well-being. Further implementation can strengthen the role of schools and communities in fostering a positive culture that respects diversity and promotes solidarity among students in Cisalak Village, Subang.

Factors Affecting Internal Audit Effectiveness in Public Universities: A Systematic Literature Review

Muguti Caroline Tendai — 2025-11-30

This systematic review examines the critical factors influencing internal audit effectiveness in public universities, a crucial aspect of promoting transparency, accountability, and good governance in higher education institutions. Despite their growing importance, internal audits in these settings face inconsistent effectiveness, with limited empirical consensus on the key determinants of their performance. This study aims to identify, evaluate, and synthesize the existing literature on the factors affecting internal audit effectiveness in public universities. A comprehensive search of academic databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, JSTOR, and Google Scholar, yielded 1,200 records, of which 50 studies were selected for in-depth analysis based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The findings reveal that internal audit independence, auditor competence, top management support, organizational structure, and coordination with external assurance providers are the most influential factors determining internal audit effectiveness. These factors are crucial in ensuring that internal audits are conducted in a manner that promotes transparency, accountability, and good governance. The study's results have practical implications for policymakers and institutional leaders seeking to strengthen audit practices in public universities. To enhance internal audit effectiveness, institutions should invest in auditor capacity-building, enforce structural independence, and promote integrated audit functions. By prioritizing internal audit effectiveness, institutions can enhance transparency, accountability, and decision-making, ultimately contributing to improved academic outcomes and institutional performance. Future research should focus on regional contextual differences and longitudinal impacts of internal audit reforms to further advance the field. This systematic review provides a foundation for future research and practice in internal audit effectiveness in public universities.

Empowering Trainers, Transforming Lives: An Impact Study of the BPSU Hope Behind Bars Train the Trainers Program

Bernadeth B. Gabor — 2025-11-30

The Bataan Peninsula State University’s HOPE Behind Bars project, a 14-year-old initiative, has had a profound impact on the lives of Persons Deprived of Liberty (PsDL) in Bataan. As the project expanded to the entire Region 3, there was a growing need for additional trainers to ensure the program's sustainability. To address this, the university's HOPE Behind Bars team implemented a Train the Trainers (TOT) program, equipping Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP) personnel in charge of the welfare and development of PsDL with essential skills in various vocational areas, including Housekeeping, Food Processing, Bread and Pastry, Tile Setting, and Masonry. The TOT program not only helped the BJMP sustain the training and assist PsDL in passing national assessments but also empowered the personnel themselves. Many of the trained trainers were able to start their own businesses, receive promotions, and gain recognition for their contributions. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the BPSU HOPE Behind Bars TOT program, utilizing both quantitative and qualitative methods. Structured questionnaires were employed for the quantitative analysis, while interview guides were used to gather in-depth insights from the participants. The findings of the study highlighted the project's success in equipping trainers with essential skills, fostering a supportive learning environment, and promoting effective PDL rehabilitation. The results will serve as a foundation for an enhancement program, further empowering Persons Deprived of Liberty in terms of their welfare and development.

Optimizing Cattle Farm Waste Management Through the Application of Biogas Technology in Kondoano Village, Mowila Subdistrict, South Konawe Regency

Hamdan Has — 2025-11-30

Cattle waste is one of the common problems in cattle farms. Through proper processing, waste can be turned into new products with higher added value. This community service program takes the form of technical guidance provided by the Faculty of Animal Husbandry Team at Halu Oleo University to farmers. This activity aims to improve farmers' knowledge and skills in processing ruminant manure waste so that it can become an alternative energy source through the use of biogas technology. This activity was carried out in Kondoano Village, Mowila District, South Konawe Regency. The method of implementation began with a site survey, analysis of the problems experienced, exploration of the potential in Kondoano Village, technical guidance, and evaluation of the activities. Kondoano farmers were given additional knowledge through technical guidance on the application of biogas technology by utilizing livestock waste to produce energy and reduce environmental pollution. This activity involved a team of lecturers from the UHO Faculty of Animal Husbandry, students, and farmers. This technical guidance has been able to provide additional knowledge for the community to independently process livestock waste into biogas.

Vitamin D and Relationship with Cholesterol and Triglycerides

Emad Jamil Albakour — 2025-11-30

The study focuses on cholesterol and triglycerides. Vitamin D has a relationship with lipid profile. Material and Methods: involved 2,188 participants, equally divided between males and females, with a wide age distribution. Vitamin D levels were assessed using serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration. The findings: The correlation analysis reveals no significant relationships between Vitamin D levels and the variables of age, gender, cholesterol, and triglycerides. All correlation coefficients are near zero, and the p-values exceed the standard significance threshold (0.05), indicating statistical insignificance. Specifically: Age: No meaningful variation in Vitamin D levels with age (P = 0.903). Gender: No substantial difference between males and females (P-value = 0.192). Cholesterol: No significant association with Vitamin D levels (P-value = 0.851). Triglycerides: No meaningful relationship observed (P-value = 0.699). Conclusion: The correlation analysis confirmed no meaningful associations between Vitamin D levels and age, gender, cholesterol, or triglyceride levels. All correlation coefficients were near zero, and p-values exceeded the standard significance threshold (0.05), indicating no statistically significant relationships.