Sustainability Implementation of UI Green Metric World University Rankings Energy & Climate Change (EC) Indicators: A Case Study of MUET Gymnasium Fitness Facility

Mehran University of Engineering & Technology is a public university established in 1973. Wit seventeen faculties of multi-disciplines and having more than 7,500 students, MUET has made lots of achievements. In 2019, MUET is ranked 271 in the world, 2 nd in Pakistan, 1 st in Sindh Province, and slotted 275 th in terms of Energy and Climate change (EC) indicators implementations on Sustainable development by UI GreenMetric World University Rankings. UI GreenMetric is a sustainability-based ranking whose aim is to provide rankings of universities all over the world based on their efforts for the implementation of pre-define indicator criteria. One of the criteria for this ranking is the Energy and Climate change (EC) indicator which had a most 21 percent weightage. In this review


INTRODUCTION
Pakistan is the fifth most populous country in the world. Electricity is the basic need of human life. With the growing population, the need for renewable electrical power and its usage is also increasing day by day. Every year the consumption rate of electricity is increasing globally, but in Pakistan, the production rate is not growing sufficiently which consequently resulted in load shedding and an increase in electricity price levels. Besides, fossil fuel cost is increasing day by day as well as government is also taking steps to make use of renewable sources. Today climate change is the biggest threat we faced. So, now it is time to gives attention to generating power through renewable energy sources, instead of conventional energy sources (Pangaribuan, 2018). According to National Electric Power Regulatory Authority (NEPRA) annual report 2018-2019. Figure 1 Show the total energy division of Pakistan in Mega Watt from the different energy source. From the below figure it is observed that most of the electricity in Pakistan is generated from thermal energy sources and we know that thermal sources are responsible for global warming and climate change (Shenoy, 2018).   Figure 2 shows the main one of the main elements that Pakistan is listed in the Global Longterm Climate Risk Index (CRI) top 10 countries (Megalingam, 2012).
In Paris Agreement 2015, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate change (UFCCC) presents the idea that developing countries needed to utilize environmentally friendly technologies to contribute to reducing emissions and prevent the world from global warming (United Nations Climate Change Conference, 2015). For that we need to focus on finding alternative renewable energy power plants, especially environmentally green and eco-friendly (F. S. Prabowo, 2018). One type of an environmentally friendly clean and green energy power plant is an off-grid eco-friendly flywheel fitness exercise static KERS bicycle generator (Chalermthai, 2015).
The human body can produce a significant amount of energy and Human muscle activity has the potential to produce power that can be used for low power applications especially lighting load applications. The use of exercise equipment for green energy sources would be an exciting experience for participants as well as it provides a means to generate power along with cycling exercise (Megalingam, Pedal Power Generation, 2015).
Flywheel-Based KERS Bicycle Generator can tap human energy to produce electricity quickly and efficiently. The primary function of the flywheel is to works as an energy accumulator and to reduce the fluctuation in speed. It absorbs the energy when demand is less and releases the same when it is required, which is the technical and engineering aspect of harvesting energy (Uddin, 2015). This flywheel technology inherits many advantages that are environmentally friendly and has low maintenance, long life with no degradation. That is why even NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) Glenn Research center has employed Flywheel energy storage systems for over three decades (Suhalka, 2014).
The objective of this research is to develop a practical prototype of an OFF-Grid Green Harvesting Bicycle Generator with a highly efficient flywheel energy storage system, which could act as well as an OFF-Grid Battery Charging System. This model will be proposed as a technological solution to minimize and to overcome the lighting load demand dependency of MUET Gymnasium on Water & Power Development Authority (WAPDA) and it will be suggesting as a proposal for the implementation of UI Green Metric (UIGM), Energy and Climate Change (EC) indicators (Zaman, 2017).   Our proposed mechanism is beneficial in maintaining sustainability and improving global ranking through the implementation of EC indicators.
Alternatively, this research also gives a comparative analysis of the present less efficient 60 Watts tube light Lighting System with the highly efficient 6 Watts LED lighting System in terms of Electrical Energy Unit Consumption Saving, its Cost Saving, and its related Green House Gases (GHG) emission saving.

METHODS
In human life, electricity is the basic requirement. Every year electricity consumption is increasing by 10% but when there is no simultaneous increase in production, and then the consequences resulted in the form of increased electricity prices and load shedding. Alongside the availability of fossil fuels is getting reduced. In this case study, we have proposed the general technique to produce electricity from mechanical energy. The concept of this study is to use the wasted kinetic energy in the gymnasium while work out to produce electricity.

Data Collection & Surveys
In this review, a survey is performed for the data collection from MUET Gymnasium fitness facility. The questionnaire method is used for the determination of GYM operating hours, Operating sessions, Power ratings present appliances, Overall load demand, Lighting load demand in the respective sessions, Quantity of luminosity appliances, Frequency of peoples in the respective sessions, and their equipment's of concern. Table 2. Data collection from Gymnasium fitness facility Table 3. Represents operating hours of Gymnasium. Table 4. Represents load demand of fitness facility.

Data Analysis
The results of the collected data analysis are as follows:

System Designing
Design of the proposed system is given by: Figure 8. Represents Proposed System Design with 250W PMDC, 24 V battery, Charge Controller, Switches and Series connected 6W 40 LED (1st session 15 LED + 2ND session 25 LED) fitness facility through Frizing Software. Figure 9. Represents prototype model internal mechanism.

Hardware Model Components Confurigation
The below figure represents the basic configuration of the "Off-Grid Green Energy Harvesting (EH) Flywheel Based Bicycle Generator" with specialized and unique flywheel energy accumulation technology integration.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The main objective of this prototype development research is to initiate a self-sufficient gymnasium phenomenon that can sustain its alllighting load by the utilization of waste mechanical energy during workout and convert it down into electrical energy. This project presents an economical and technological solution of load shedding and as well as it could serve as a backup energy resource or uninterruptable power supply (UPS) by using the battery.
Additionally, power production by the flywheel-based bicycle generator provides us an opportunity to minimize atmospheric pollution which is nowadays a government policy. A flywheel-based bicycle generator is very cheap. Since we know that cost of fossil fuel is increasing day by day and this project is not depending on those.
It serves dual purposes benefits simultaneously. Firstly, physical fitness through exercise of muscles, and legs. Secondly, green, and eco-friendly power generation through those healthy activities at the same time.

Calculations for Energy Saving
The initial result of the study for energy-saving and its cost-saving is given by the formula as:

CONCLUSION
In 2017, there were more than 201 thousand fitness and health clubs worldwide. Along with solar and wind source. We need to focus on some other alternative source of energy. As the population is increasing drastically. So, need to utilize those sources as a source of opportunity, as they can work as small power plants for energy.
Pakistanis are facing an electricity crisis whereas higher electricity tariffs are another burden for the consumers. Higher Education Commission of Pakistan provides students' academic as well as some extra-curriculum opportunities for the grooming of generation. However, they fetch funding from Government. Mehran University has a gymnasium fitness facility where enough electricity is consumed which could be met through a unique and innovative alternative energy generation prospective to save energy, cost, Green House Gas (GHG)Emission by the implementation of UIGM Energy & Climate indicators through a feasibility analysis approach.