Indonesian Journal of Social and Environmental Issues (IJSEI)

Sustainable Resilience of Women Batik Makers in the Face of Environmental Degradation

2024-12-23T04:40:57+07:00

This study examines the impact of environmental degradation caused by urbanization and groundwater exploitation in North Pekalongan, which has triggered flooding, tidal inundation, and permanent waterlogging in 30% of the area. These conditions increase the vulnerability of female batik artisans in social, economic, and environmental aspects, threatening the sustainability of batik production. Using qualitative methods and an exploratory mixed approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, surveys, and analyses such as overlay, indices, and SWOT. The findings show that: 1) Environmental degradation in Pekalongan City involves wetland conversion, land subsidence from soil deterioration and groundwater overuse, mangrove loss, and limited green spaces, all leading to flooding; 2) Female batik artisans face increased vulnerability and reduced resilience; 3) Stakeholders address these issues through government flood control measures, NGO sanitation projects, climate adaptation groups, and academic data support; 4) Sustainable resilience strategies prioritize offensive approaches, such as home elevation, empowering artisans, and leveraging external opportunities. The recommended sustainable resilience strategy is offensive, optimally leveraging internal strengths and external opportunities.

Using Remote Sensing Methods for the Three Lakes' and Evaluating Their Water Surface and Their Fluctuations

2025-04-20T05:27:16+07:00

Iran faces numerous environmental issues such as drought, population growth, war, air pollution, climate change, industrial and agricultural output, sanctions, excessive water consumption, and lax enforcement of environmental regulations. Climate change is thought to be one of the crucial factors of impact on water resources in the world. The research is focused on the lakes of Urmia, Namak, and Hamun, using satellite images from Remote sensing to estimate water areas within 10 (2015-2024) years, follow the changes, and analyze the reasons for these changes. Lake Urmia experienced a downward trend in water levels, despite increased precipitation and water rights allocation. Namak Lake showed a greater correlation with temperature fluctuations and precipitation. Hamun Lakes' water volume was more dependent on water rights and temperature fluctuations significantly impacted lake water levels. So all the lakes, located in different areas of the country did not show the same correlation with climate change. As the recovery plan for Lake Urmia seems to include the impact assessment of agricultural water consumption, Hamun Lakes seems to be more dependent on Afghanistan’s dams, only Namak Lake showed a good response to the precipitation values. The results of the work could be used by the authorities for the proper water management assessment.

Selection of Raw Material Suppliers For Yarn Based on Sustainable Supply Chain Management Criteria Using Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and TOPSIS Methods at PT XYZ

2024-12-30T16:15:18+07:00

The industrial revolution and mass production directly increased human productivity and significantly impacted the environment. Amid these environmental problems, companies created environmentally friendly production strategies and prioritized economic factors (profit) and how they impact the social environment. This makes sustainable supply chain management in Sustainable Supplier Selection (SSS) increasingly in demand because it can affect the company's environmental performance. Companies that can improve their environmental and social performance will be able to increase their competitive advantage and impact, increasing revenue, market share, and a more positive green image of the company. There is no research on sustainable supplier selection in the sarong industry, especially in Indonesia. Therefore, research is needed on the sector because it dramatically affects environmental performance. One of the companies engaged in the sarong industry is XYZ company. This study aims to evaluate Supplier performance based on sustainable aspects (economic, environmental, social) using the cut-off point method for selecting sub-criteria, FAHP for assigning sub-criteria weights, and TOPSIS for ranking Suppliers based on predetermined sub-criteria. As a result of data processing, suppliers are ranked based on their preferences. As a result, Supplier 2 (S2) ranked first with a preference value of 0.9210, followed by Supplier 1 (S1) with a preference value of 0.7514, Supplier 3 (S3) with a preference value of 0.3166, and Supplier 4 (S4) with a preference value of 0.00019.

Comparison of Woody Species Diversity and Soil Organic Carbon in Coffee-Based Forests and Natural Forests in Ethiopia

2024-05-31T01:37:52+07:00

Ethiopia is the origin of coffee arabica, which grows in moist Afromontane forests. Today, the expansion of coffee production to adjacent natural forests is high. The current study aims to compare species diversity, richness, regeneration, and soil physico-chemical properties of forests without and with coffee for conservation. A result showed that Forests without coffee have better mean species richness (45.86), Shannon wiener diversity index (2.69), Evenness (0.85), and Simpson (2.94) than forests with coffee. Forests without coffee had a higher percentage of soil carbon storage (mean 147.18) than forests with coffee (Mean 120.25). Forests without coffee are better for all comparisons. Documentation of woody species will be required for both systems for immediate conservation.

Environmental Impact Analysis of Leather Production Using The Life Cycle Assessment and Analytical Network Process Methods

2025-04-12T15:35:53+07:00

The leather industry is one of the fields that produces hazardous waste for the environment. One example is CV XYZ, a leather manufacturing company based in East Java, Indonesia. Liquid waste produced per production batch is over 4,000 liters and the electricity consumed is a maximum of 5,000 kWh per month. This study focuses on the environmental impacts in the leather production process of the CV XYZ using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method. Additionally, the Analytical Network Process (ANP) method is used to select alternative improvements given that it minimizes environmental impact. The method of research used in this study is descriptive quantitative, and the source of primary data is interviews and questionnaires, while that of secondary data comprises a company report. The data were processed with SimaPro software and using the Eco Indicator 99 method. The results of the study suggest that the greatest impact on the environment is respiratory inorganic, with a value of 221.69 Pt, being caused by the process of chrome tanning due to the application of the process based on the use of chromium fuel, using a chrome raw material. As an alternative improvement to reduce chrome tanning waste content in chromium, the addition of coagulants CaO and FeCl3 is prioritized. To do so, this study underscores how handling the environmental impacts in the leather industry in a clean production way is to preserve human health and the ecosystem of the places around this industry while attempting to achieve this objective.

Review of Challenges Experienced by Women in Subsistence Crop Production

2025-03-11T19:23:19+07:00

Men and women are assigned roles and obligations that they must fulfill to sustain the welfare of their households. These are adhered to despite the challenges encountered by women, essential food producers within households, to guarantee sustainable food security. This review described the challenges faced by female subsistence crop farmers in securing household food security. The primary research technique adopted is a literature analysis of subsistence production, climate change, its effects, mitigation strategies, and adaptation methods. The review findings indicate that women play a crucial role as subsistence producers of rain-fed crops, notwithstanding the numerous constraints encountered in production systems. The primary challenges include erratic rainfall and sub-optimal crop yield. These obstacles hinder women's ability to fulfill their household food supplier roles. These challenges could be addressed to empower women farmers, augment crop productivity, alleviate rural poverty, enhance food security and nutrition, and encourage women's involvement in food security and climate change mitigation and adaptation. These will facilitate the attainment of several Sustainable Development Goals, namely SDG1 (End Poverty), SDG2 (Zero Hunger), SDG3 (Good Health and Wellbeing), SDG5 (Gender Equality), and SDG13 (Combat Climate Change).

The Role of Cover Crops in Sustainable Agriculture: Benefits, Challenges, and Future Directions

2025-02-13T08:57:26+07:00

Cover crops provide several benefits, such as enhancing soil fertility, reducing weed pressure, improving water retention, and mitigating soil erosion. Several studies show they also play a vital role in carbon sequestration and mitigate climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In addition, the contribution to the long-term sustainability of regenerative agriculture systems is one significant role of cover crops. Though they offer multiple advantages, we face challenges like labor costs, managing complexity, and the need for tailored species selection based on environmental conditions. The paper helps to decipher the multiple benefits that cover crops offer, assesses the associated challenges, and discusses future directions for research and policy to build up their integration into modern agricultural practices. Also, studying the patterns of studies related to cover crops in the past decades helps us to understand previous outcomes and challenges. Documenting these challenges can be integral to regenerative agriculture systems that support long-term environmental sustainability and food security.

Investigating Sediment Grain Size Distribution and Transport Patterns in Punatsangchhu River, Punakha, Bhutan

2025-04-29T07:41:34+07:00

This study investigates bed load sediment transport dynamics in selected areas of Punatsangchhu River, focusing on rock type identification, their association with topography, grain size distribution, and factors influencing bed load transport rates. 1D numerical sediment transport modeling was also done in HEC-RAS 6.3.1 using the discharge data of four years from 2020 to 2023. Bed load sediment samples were collected from 55 plots laid systematically 500 meters apart along the river. Results reveal Granite as the predominant rock type, reflecting the region's geological complexity shaped by Himalayan tectonics. Significant associations between rock types and topography, particularly for Granite Boulder, highlight the complex interplay of topographic factors shaping sediment distribution. Bed load transport rates vary across sediment roundness and river reach types, with round particles exhibiting higher rates and riffles displaying greater transport than pools. Regression analysis confirms the significant influence of river velocity and bed slope on transport rates, emphasizing the importance of hydraulic factors in sediment transport processes. The output from HEC-RAS revealed the highest sediment concentration in this valley during the late summer months directly aligning with the higher flow in these seasons. During these years, critical bed changes in some of the cross-sections were also observed. RS 12521 has witnessed the highest deposition rate of about 2.5 meters and similarly, RS 7006 has witnessed the highest erosion rate of about 2.3 meters. Likewise, the profile plot of the river reveals a series of erosion and deposition processes during this time window, affecting the riverbed and consequently channel morphology.

Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Outdoor Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Levels for Locations within Two Local Government Areas in Edo State, Southern Nigeria

2024-12-09T17:29:21+07:00

Particulate matter (PM) are airborne microscopic sized particles of solid or liquid matter. This study investigated the spatial distribution of PM_2.5 concentrations and assessed PM_2.5 related air quality in both Egor and Oredo Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Edo State. Twenty outdoor locations were monitored once monthly from June to July 2023 using Biaoling^TM air quality monitor. The values obtained were subjected to unpaired t test analyses which were conducted at 95% probability level. For sampled areas in Oredo LGA, mean PM_2.5 values ranged from 10.3 μg/m³ ± 0.1 to 45.3 μg/m³ ± 0.2 whilst a range of PM_2.5 values; 12 μg/m3 ± 0.2 to 42 μg/m3 ± 0.1 was recorded for locations in Egor LGA. Statistical analysis revealed an insignificant difference in PM_2.5 mean data between the two months (p > 0.05) in both LGAs. There was an insignificant difference between the PM_2.5 for June and July, 2023 in both LGAs (p>0.05). The drawn spatial maps for both LGAs revealed that the PM_2.5 related air quality index (AQI) values was good in majority of the sampled areas with the exception of New Benin in Oredo LGA and Orovbie sampling point in Egor LGA. More studies should be conducted with focus on the evaluation of outdoor air quality in more areas within these LGAs as well as well likely and implementable cost effective abatement measures that can lower the magnitude of PM pollution in the respective study areas.

Assessing Precipitation Trend: a Case Study of Kabul, Afghanistan

2024-09-04T13:15:24+07:00

Climate change is one of the most important issues on a global scale, and it has exerted a significant impact on environmental security and livelihoods, both directly and indirectly. In this study, the precipitation trend is assessed by comparing predictand and predictor data from 1990 to 2020. Predictand data were obtained from local organization data sets, and predictor data were taken from the General Circulation Models. Tow models, statistical downscaling model (SDSM), and Long Ashton Research Station Weather Generator (LARS-WG) are applied to downscale and project the future rainfall condition (2025-2100) under RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. The performance of the two models was checked by using measured indicators (R, R², MAE, RMSE, and NRMSE). The non-parametric Mann-Kendall test was used to determine the precipitation trend. The results revealed that the precipitation trend is decreasing in the reference period. In the future, it would decrease under RCP2.6 and RCP8.5 except for RCP4.5 by SDSM and RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 except RCP2.6 by LARS-WG. The values of Monthly changes in precipitation (%) under RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5 are 0.3 to 2.7%, 0.4 to 2.7%, and 0.4 to 2.8% in December, August, March, and April, respectively. Seasonal changes in precipitation under RCPs ranged from 4.87 to 4.89% in spring, 0.01% in summer, 2.43 to 1.76% in autumn, and 4.35 to 4.63% in winter. The change in precipitation during the spring season is decreasing, whereas it is increasing in the autumn.