Indonesian Journal of Social and Environmental Issues (IJSEI)

Impact of Climate Change in Nigerian Wetland Ecosystems on Plant Genetic Resources

Anthony O. Ukpene, Collins O. Molua — Sat, 30 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The research focused on particular character traits of some plants in the ecosystems of Nigeria's wetlands. The idea was to highlight the plants' adaptive mechanisms and conservation requirements in response to the vagaries of climate change. The field data collection covered 10 wetland sites spread across the Niger Delta, Nigeria, selected to represent a diversity of plant morphology, biological chemistry, and population structure parameters. The investigated morphological elements in leaves, flowers, and fruit showed considerable variation in their size, shape, and color among species. The biochemical data derived from isozyme profiles in turn gave rise to a higher degree of genetic variation, which was further demonstrated through population structure data that revealed selective pressures on the mating success of the population and the demography of individuals. The environmental conditions, such as pH level, temperature, oxygen, and nitrogen levels, along with others, determined the variety of habitats in the cattail marsh at every site. These data provide evidence-based insights related to wetland ecology and plant genetics as the basis for a deeper understanding and prioritizing the conservation of these very special ecosystems against the background of climate change challenges. Areas of future research that should be considered include more investigations about genetic heterogeneity, the role of ecological interactions, and the integration of management strategies for reforming wetlands conservation. This investigation comprehensively explained wetland ecosystems and emphasized the imperative for immediate conservation measures in order to guarantee ecological integrity and the diversity of life in wetland ecosystems.

The Effects of Climate Change on Natural Water Resources: A Health Crisis

Sejabaledi Agnes Rankoana — Sat, 30 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The provision of sustainable, high-quality, and safe water is imperative for a healthy and good life for all living beings. Limited supply, increased demand, and declining water quality can adversely affect community members' health and well-being. This research investigated the impacts of climate change on local water sources and the subsequent effect of water scarcity on the health of a rural community in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Results from a study involving 53 randomly selected individuals in a rural community indicate that the most severe health issues caused by a lack of water include poor sanitation and hygiene-related disorders such as lice infestations, cholera, malaria, diarrhoea, dysentery, and skin infections. This study recommends that the South African government provide the necessary resources to ensure unrestricted access to sustainable and high-quality water to meet Sustainable Development Goal 6.

Assessing the Moderating Role of Destana Program in Community Resilience and Climate Change

Nadia Makhya Azhari, Rachmadhi Purwana, Kosuke Mizuno — Sat, 30 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study aims to assess Disaster Resilience Village (DESTANA) program has managed to enhance community resilience in the face of climate change impacts in Tambakreja Village, Cilacap Regency. The study utilized primary data collected through questionnaires and employed logistic regression analysis to examine the relationship between climate change, the DESTANA program, and community resilience. The results indicate that the DESTANA program positively impacts community resilience. However, the program's moderating role in the relationship between climate change and community resilience was not significant. This suggests that factors such as program implementation quality, community participation, and local context may influence the program's effectiveness. To enhance the impact of the DESTANA program, future research should explore the role of these factors in greater detail.

Assessment on Qualities of Drinking Water, Ambient Air, and River in Select Barangays in Mariveles, Bataan, Philippines

Arlene A. Zabala — Sat, 30 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This quantitative study, employing a Descriptive-Survey Design, investigates assessments on drinking water, ambient air, and river in three barangays - Alas-Asin, Baseco, and Sisiman - within Mariveles, Bataan. A survey-questionnaire instrument, divided into five sections, evaluates various aspects, including water quality, ambient air quality, their effects on health and community, barangay river quality, and respondents’ awareness of environmental initiatives. With a sample size of 900 respondents, 300 from each barangay, statistical analysis reveals concerning findings regarding access to safe drinking water, air and water quality issues, and limited community awareness. Recommendations include enhancing access to safe drinking water, improving air quality monitoring, strengthening community engagement, fostering partnerships, and regularly monitoring environmental projects. This research stresses the urgent need for proactive measures to address environmental challenges and promote sustainability in Mariveles, Bataan, emphasizing collaboration among stakeholders for lasting positive change.

Technological and Environmental Evaluation of Incinerator Systems for Sustainable Waste-to-Energy Solutions in Denpasar City

Sat, 30 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The rapid urbanization and tourism growth in Denpasar City, Bali, have led to increasing waste management challenges. Currently, only 22% of the daily 850 tons of waste is managed at the source, with the rest transported to landfills. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of Waste-to-Energy (WES) incineration systems as a potential solution to both waste disposal and energy production. The research uses a quantitative method involving primary data collection through interviews and secondary data from existing documentation. Three incinerator designs were analyzed based on parameters like energy efficiency, emissions, and environmental impact. The results show that the third incinerator system delivers the highest power output at 445.67 KW, although it also produces moderate pollutant emissions. The second design system, however, strikes a better balance, offering both lower emissions and effective power generation, making it the most environmentally favorable option. The study contributes to the growing body of research on WES technology, highlighting the need for advanced design optimization to minimize environmental impacts while maximizing energy output.

Effect of Different Soil Moisture Conservation Techniques for Degraded Land Rehabilitation in Geresse District, Gamo Zone, South Ethiopia

Sat, 30 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Worldwide phenomena, land degradation puts people's livelihoods in jeopardy on a larger spatial scale. The research was conducted on degraded land situated in the midland agro-ecologies of Gerese District, within the Gamo Zone of South Ethiopia, for five consecutive years to evaluate moisture-conserving structures for degraded land rehabilitation and assess farmers' perceptions towards moisture conservation techniques. A randomized complete block design was used to arrange the study, and four different treatments were used: bench terrace, stone bund, stone-faced soil bund, and faanyajuu replicated three times. The study area experienced improvements in physical and chemical characteristics of soil following interventions, such as higher soil moisture content (31.46%) and improved soil pH than the untreated site(as a control). On a stone-faced soil bund, there were observations of a 5.34% soil organic matter content, an improved Cation exchange capacity (26 meq/100 g), and a moderate total nitrogen concentration (0.18%). Than other structures throughout the study years. The interventions also promoted species diversity and richness in treated sites with stone-faced soil bunds compared to untreated land. The biomass production of emerging grasses and shrubs, as well as the growth of test trees, was significantly higher in areas with soil and water conservation structures. The study suggests that midland farmers employ stone-faced soil bunds to raise the soil's moisture content, enhance biomass output, and encourage the growth of test trees and grass. As a result, for the purpose of land rehabilitation, all stakeholders involved should practice soil and water conservation.

Examining Social Value Orientations and Environmental Behaviour of the Riparian Communities along the Nairobi River, Kenya

Maureen Bosibori Ogega, Bessy Kathambi, Karatu Kiemo — Sat, 30 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

It is widely believed that environmental conservation greatly contributes to reaching the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Even so, social values are not given much attention when planning and carrying out environmental programs in urban riparian areas. For this reason, most efforts to encourage conservation among riparian communities are not well matched to local beliefs and do not reach their goals. In addition, a review of the literature reveals that most studies have focused only on environmental awareness, how policies work, and technical solutions. Therefore, this study aimed to discover how social values influence the environmental behavior of people living along the Nairobi River in Kenya. The study included 400 adults who lived within 500m of the Nairobi River in Nairobi County, Kenya. Data was gathered from the community by using questionnaires with psychometric scales and by interviewing key informants. Secondary data was gathered by reviewing documents and analyzing literature systematically. Most participants were found to have low concern for the environment (70%) and mainly held egoistic values about environmental matters. A positive linear relationship was found between social value orientations and both environmental behavior (R = 0.542) and environmental concern (R = 0.674). Therefore, the communities in the study area did not engage much with environmental issues. According to the study, most communities did not have complete environmental conservation programs (83.2%) or effective ways to manage waste (91.4%). The findings of this study will guide future policies for environmental programs to help Kenya achieve its sustainable urban development goals.

Women as Environmental Protectors: A Case Study on Cross-Generational Stewardship in Hunza

Mehwish Murtaza, Abida Sharif, Seema Shah — Sat, 30 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Environmental protection has become a global concern, requiring collective action and innovative solutions. Women are increasingly recognized for their contributions to environmental sustainability. A qualitative research design was implemented, focusing on a family unit as the case study. A total of 16 participants, eight from the younger generation and eight from the elder generation, were involved in in-depth interviews using a purposive sampling technique. The Objectives of the study are to explore the awareness and knowledge of environmental protection, explore their household management in environmental protection, examine their communal activities to save the environment, and explore the transmission across generations. Thematic analysis was conducted, revealing that elderly women often lack awareness and knowledge regarding environmental issues. However, their traditional practices significantly contribute to environmental protection. On the other hand, some of these practices, due to the lack of awareness and resources, have also had negative impacts on the environment. Younger individuals generally have a better understanding of environmental protection. However, reliance on technology has also led to practices that contribute to pollution. Beyond household efforts, women play an active role in community events, participate in local organizations, and lead workshops and awareness campaigns focused on protecting the environment. Environmental knowledge is passed down through generations, creating a reciprocal exchange through storytelling, experiences, and formal education. This study highlights the significant contributions of women to environmental protection. Policymakers should create specific policies that support and enhance the role of women in environmental management. Additionally, it is recommended to conduct more quantitative research to better understand the knowledge and practices of women in environmental protection and to further emphasize their critical contributions.