Determination of Pesticide Residues in Sediments of River Ravi

Authors

  • Arooj Tariq Department of Environmental Sciences, Kinnaird College for Women University, Pakistan
  • Sana Akhtar Department of Environmental Sciences, Kinnaird College for Women University, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47540/ijias.v2i2.500

Keywords:

Contamination, Pesticides, River Ravi, Sediments, Toxicity

Abstract

Sediments are socioeconomic, geomorphologic, and an important environmental resource.  The purpose of this study was to determine the pesticide residues in the sediments of River Ravi. For analysis 12 sediment samples were collected along with River Ravi, reaching from Ravi Siphon to BS (Balloki Suleiman) link.  River Ravi is enlisted as one of the most polluted rivers of Pakistan followed by extreme flow variations, i.e. 10 – 10,000 m3/s. The concentration of pesticide residues in samples was detected by the High-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique. Noticeable concentrations of pesticides were detected in the majority of the samples which depicted high toxicity levels of pesticides in the sediments of River Ravi. High amounts of pesticides were observed in the right and left banks of Saggian (S4) i.e. 11.37 mg/kg and Khudpur (S6, S7) i.e. 12.116 mg/kg. A significant amount of Imidacloprid and Bifenthrin was detected in the majority of the sediment samples, i.e. 22.78 mg/kg and 15.82 mg/kg. Furthermore the detected concentration of pesticides in the right and left bank of Balloki head works (S10, S11) and Ravi Bridge (S3) was relatively less as compared to other sampling sites. All these sampling points receive irrigational runoff from nearby agricultural lands and urban wastewater, resulting in the accumulation of pesticides in the sediments. The following trend of pesticide contamination was observed in the sediment samples of River Ravi, Bifenthrin > Imidacloprid > Dimethomorph > Glyphosate.

References

Akhtar M, Mahboob S, Sultana S, Sultana T. (2012). Assessment of pesticide residues in sediments collected from river Ravi and its tributaries between its stretches from Shahdara to Balloki headworks, Pakistan. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare. (2):127-33.

Akhtar MM, Tang Z, Mohamadi B. (2014). Contamination potential assessment of potable groundwater in Lahore, Pakistan. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies. 23(6):1905-16.

Chahinian N, Bancon-Montigny C, Caro A, Got P, Perrin JL, Rosain D, Rodier C, Picot B, (2012). Tournoud MG. The role of river sediments in contamination storage downstream of a wastewater treatment plant in low flow conditions: organotins, faecal indicator bacteria and nutrients. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. 114:70-81.

Edwards CA, editor. (2013). Environmental pollution by pesticides. Springer Science & Business Media.

Ensminger MP, Budd R, Kelley KC, Goh KS. (2013). Pesticide occurrence and aquatic benchmark exceedances in urban surface waters and sediments in three urban areas of California, USA, 2008–2011. Environmental monitoring and assessment.185(5):3697-710.

Eqani SA, Malik RN, Mohammad A. (2011). The level and distribution of selected organochlorine pesticides in sediments from River Chenab, Pakistan. Environmental Geochemistry and Health. 33(1):33-47.

Net S, Dumoulin D, El-Osmani R, Rabodonirina S, Ouddane B. (2014). Case study of PAHs, Me-PAHs, PCBs, phthalates and pesticides contamination in the Somme River water, France. International Journal of Environmental Research. 8(4):1159-70.

Nicolopoulou-Stamati P, Maipas S, Kotampasi C, Stamatis P, Hens L. (2016). Chemical pesticides and human health: the urgent need for a new concept in agriculture. Frontiers in public health. (4):148.

Peruzzo PJ, Porta AA, Ronco AE. (2008). Levels of glyphosate in surface waters, sediments and soils associated with direct sowing soybean cultivation in north pampasic region of Argentina. Environmental Pollution. 156(1):61-6.

Popp J, Peto K, Nagy J. (2013). Pesticide productivity and food security. A review. Agronomy for sustainable development. 33(1):243-55.

Putt AE. (2005). Bifenthrin Toxicity to Midge (Chironomus tentans) During a 10-d Exposure. Report, Springborn Smithers Laboratory Study. (13656.6106).

Radovic T, Grujic S, Petkovic A, Dimkic M, Lausevic M. (2015). Determination of pharmaceuticals and pesticides in river sediments and corresponding surface and groundwater in the Danube River and tributaries in Serbia. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 187(1):4092.

Rogers HA, Schmidt TS, Dabney BL, Hladik ML, Mahler BJ, Van Metre PC. (2016). Bifenthrin causes trophic cascade and altered insect emergence in mesocosms: implications for small streams. Environmental science & technology. 50(21):11974-83.

Sardo AM, Soares AM. (2010). Assessment of the effects of the pesticide imidacloprid on the behaviour of the aquatic oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus. Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology. 58(3):648-56.

Silva V, Gonzalez-Pelayo O, Abrantes N, Keizer JJ, Mol H, Ritsema C, Geissen V. (2020). Pesticide residues in vineyard soils and water-eroded sediments-predictions versus observations. InEGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts (p. 10656).

Singare PU, Trivedi MP, Mishra RM, Dagli DV. (2011). Assessing the physico-chemical parameters of sediment ecosystem of Vasai Creek at Mumbai, India. Marine Science. 1(1):22-9.

Syed JH, Malik RN, Li J, Chaemfa C, Zhang G, Jones KC. (2014). Status, distribution and ecological risk of organochlorines (OCs) in the surface sediments from the Ravi River, Pakistan. Science of the total environment. (472):204-11.

Published

2022-06-22

How to Cite

Tariq, A., & Akhtar, S. . (2022). Determination of Pesticide Residues in Sediments of River Ravi. Indonesian Journal of Innovation and Applied Sciences (IJIAS), 2(2), 123-131. https://doi.org/10.47540/ijias.v2i2.500