Harmoni Antar-Generasi dalam Pendidikan Digital: Studi Keluarga Urban di Kota Mataram
Keywords:
Harmoni Sosial, Keluarga Urban, Literasi Digital, Pendidikan Keluarga, Relasi Antar-GenerasiAbstract
Transformasi digital yang begitu cepat telah membawa pengaruh signifikan terhadap kehidupan keluarga, termasuk dalam fungsi pendidikan. Dalam konteks keluarga urban di Kota Mataram, kehadiran teknologi digital secara intensif telah mengubah pola komunikasi antar-generasi, melemahkan fungsi pengawasan orang tua, dan menciptakan jarak emosional dalam proses belajar anak. Ketimpangan pemahaman terhadap teknologi antara orang tua dan anak kerap menimbulkan ketidakharmonisan dalam praktik pendidikan di rumah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara mendalam dinamika relasi antar-generasi dalam pendidikan digital pada keluarga urban serta mengidentifikasi sejauh mana harmoni dapat dibangun di tengah disrupsi digital. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan desain studi kasus multi-unit, melibatkan lima keluarga urban di Kota Mataram sebagai subjek penelitian. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dan observasi partisipatif selama periode Februari hingga April 2025. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknologi digital berkontribusi terhadap terjadinya dislokasi dalam fungsi pendidikan keluarga. Proses belajar anak lebih banyak dikendalikan oleh algoritma digital daripada oleh arahan orang tua, sementara komunikasi edukatif dalam keluarga mengalami pelemahan. Otoritas simbolik orang tua tergeser oleh sistem informasi digital yang lebih adaptif dan menarik bagi anak. Selain itu, modal sosial keluarga seperti kelekatan emosional, komunikasi terbuka, dan pendampingan belajar bersama menunjukkan gejala penurunan yang signifikan. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa harmoni antar-generasi dalam pendidikan digital hanya dapat diwujudkan jika keluarga membangun ruang reflektif yang setara, partisipatif, dan sadar akan nilai kemanusiaan dalam penggunaan teknologi.
References
Abdeen, F. N., Shirowzhan, S., & Sepasgozar, S. M. E. (2023). Citizen-Centric Digital Twin Development With Machine Learning and Interfaces for Maintaining Urban Infrastructure. Telematics and Informatics, 84, 102032.
Agrawal, S. R. (2021). Digital Pollution and Its Impact on the Family and Social Interactions. Journal of Family Issues, 42(11), 2648–2678.
Ali, M. N. R., & Asriwandari, H. (2024). Pendidikan Formal Anak Pada Keluarga Miskin Di Kelurahan Sialangmunggu Kecamatan Tuah Madani Kota Pekanbaru. Risoma, 2(5), 216–225.
Álvarez, A. S., & Menéndez, A. J. L. (2023). The Role of Family Background and Education in Shaping Inequalities. Evidence From the Spanish Regions. Social Policy and Society, 1–18.
Anisti, A., Tambunan, R. M., Sidharta, V., Sampean, S., & Syatir, S. (2023). Family Communication Patterns in the Era Digital Technology. Arrus Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 3(6), 750–756.
Asmayawati, A. (2023). Can Technology Initiate The Enhancement of Digital Literacy in Early Childhood? Evidence From Indonesia. International Journal of Current Science Research and Review, 06(11).
Astuti, M., Arifin, Z., Mutohhari, F., & Nurtanto, M. (2021). Competency of Digital Technology: The Maturity Levels of Teachers and Students in Vocational Education in Indonesia. Journal of Education Technology, 5(2).
Atterberry, A. L., McCallum, D. G., & Lü, Y. (2021). Interrogating Parenting and Intergenerational Relationships Within National and Transnational Contexts. Current Sociology, 70(6), 801–805.
Balogun, A., Marks, D., Sharma, R., Shekhar, H., Balmes, C., Maheng, D., Arshad, A., & Salehi, P. (2020). Assessing the Potentials of Digitalization as a Tool for Climate Change Adaptation and Sustainable Development in Urban Centres. Sustainable Cities and Society, 53, 101888.
Bulatovic, L., & Bulatovic, G. (2024). Concepts of Media Literacy in Intergenerational Learning. Social Informatics Journal, 3(1), 9–14.
Capon, W., Hickie, I. B., McKenna, S., Varidel, M., Richards, M., LaMonica, H. M., Röck, D., Scott, E., & Iorfino, F. (2023). Characterising Variability in Youth Mental Health Service Populations: A Detailed and Scalable Approach Using Digital Technology. Australasian Psychiatry, 31(3), 295–301.
Croizet, J., & Millet, M. (2024). How Preschool Education Perpetuates Social Inequality: An Ethnographic Study of the Practical Conditions of Symbolic Violence. Journal of Social Issues, 80(4), 1345–1378.
Darmawan, A., & Pratiwi, F. A. (2020). Pengaruh Pendidikan Keuangan Keluarga, Pembelajaran Keuangan Di Perguruan Tinggi, Sikap Keuangan Dan Teman Sebaya Terhadap Literasi Keuangan Mahasiswa. Fokus Bisnis Media Pengkajian Manajemen Dan Akuntansi, 19(1), 27–37.
Deng, X., Guo, M., & Liu, Y. (2023). Digital Economy Development and the Urban-Rural Income Gap: Evidence From Chinese Cities. Plos One, 18(2), e0280225.
Dzulfadhilah, F. (2023). Digital Parenting: Pelatihan Komunikasi Efektif Orang Tua Dan Anak Usia Dini Di Era Digital. Teknovokasi, 1(3), 218–225.
Gedik, Ç., & Sahan, G. (2024). Evaluation of Parents’ and Teachers’ Views on Digital Parenting Skills. International E-Journal of Educational Studies, 8(16), 87–106.
Gjelaj, M., Buza, K., Shatri, K., & Zabeli, N. (2020). Digital Technologies in Early Childhood: Attitudes and Practices of Parents and Teachers in Kosovo. International Journal of Instruction, 13(1), 165–184.
Gkontzis, A. F., Kotsiantis, S., Feretzakis, G., & Verykios, V. S. (2024). Enhancing Urban Resilience: Smart City Data Analyses, Forecasts, and Digital Twin Techniques at the Neighborhood Level. Future Internet, 16(2), 47.
Gomes, M. I. F., Lousada, M., & Figueiredo, D. (2024). Use of Digital Devices, Family Functioning, and Language Development in Preschool Children: A Cross-Sectional Study. Codas, 36(3).
Hurova, I., & Shkurov, Y. (2023). Man in Digitized Urban Socio-Cultural Space. Anthropological Measurements of Philosophical Research, 24, 75–87.
Jiang, Q., Li, Y., & Si, H. (2022). Digital Economy Development and the Urban–Rural Income Gap: Intensifying or Reducing. Land, 11(11), 1980.
Johnson, N. F., & Francis, Z. (2022). Positive Family Relationships in a Digital Age: Hearing the Voice of Young People. Children & Society, 36(5), 933–948.
Jupri, A., Usdiyana, D., & Gozali, S. M. (2022). Pre-Service Teachers’ Strategies in Solving Absolute Value Equations and Inequalities. Education Sciences, 12(11), 743.
Kalabina, I. A., & Progackaya, T. K. (2021). Defining Digital Competence for Older Preschool Children. Psychology in Russia State of Art, 14(4), 169–185.
Lewis, K. L. (2024). Young Children’s at-Home Digital Experiences and Interactions: An Ethnographic Study. Frontiers in Education, 9.
Liu, A., Li, W., & Li, M. (2024). Emerging Digital Inequality in Early Life: Parenting and Differential Usage of Digital Devices Among Urban Preschoolers in China. Journal of Marriage and Family, 87(1), 30–52.
McDonough, P. M., & Abrica, E. J. (2021). Toward a (Re)Integrated Application of Bourdieuan Theory. Urban Education, 58(7), 1489–1511.
Mzidabi, J., Goudeau, S., Delès, R., Claes, N., Easterbrook, M. J., Alexopoulos, T., & Rouet, J. (2024). Unequal Homework: The Hidden Forces of Social Class Contexts and Parental Self‐efficacy in Shaping Educational Outcomes. Journal of Social Issues, 80(4), 1315–1344.
Najmudin, M. F., Sardin, S., & Sulistiono, E. (2023). Case Study: Parenting Use of Digital Technology in Preschool Children by Middle-Class Digital Immigrant Parents. Journal of Family Sciences, 8(2), 220–235.
Naslund, J. A., Bondre, A., Torous, J., & Aschbrenner, K. A. (2020). Social Media and Mental Health: Benefits, Risks, and Opportunities for Research and Practice. Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science, 5(3), 245–257.
Ngobeni, N. R., Chibambo, M. I., & Divala, J. J. (2023). Curriculum Transformations in South Africa: Some Discomforting Truths on Interminable Poverty and Inequalities in Schools and Society. Frontiers in Education, 8.
Okunlola, D. A., Alawode, O. A., Awoleye, A. F., & Ilesanmi, B. B. (2023). Internet Use, Exposure to Digital Family Planning Messages, and Sexual Agency Among Partnered Women in Northern Nigeria: Implications for Digital Family Planning Intervention. Sexual and Reproductive Health Matters, 31(4).
Peng, Y. (2022). Gendered Division of Digital Labor in Parenting: A Qualitative Study in Urban China. Sex Roles, 86(5–6), 283–304.
Pons-Salvador, G., Zubieta-Méndez, X., & Navarro, M. D. F. (2022). Parents’ Digital Competence in Guiding and Supervising Young Children’s Use of the Internet. European Journal of Communication, 37(4), 443–459.
Pramono, F. (2020). Analysis of the Family’s Communication Pattern and the Benefits of Mother School Program for Building a Harmonious Family. Informasi, 50(1), 1–14.
Sari, N. (2021). Relasi Antara Orang Tua Dan Anak Ditinjau Dari Sudut Pandang Remaja Dengan Perilaku Delinkuen. Acta Psychologia, 1(2), 115–123.
Serrano, B. G., Spiers, A., Ruotong, L., Gangadia, S., Toledano, M. B., & Simplicio, M. D. (2022). Impact of Mobile Phones and Wireless Devices Use on Children and Adolescents’ Mental Health: A Systematic Review. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 33(6), 1621–1651.
Shi, L., Brandt, A. R., Iancu, D. A., Mach, K. J., Field, C., Cho, M.-J., Ng, M., Chey, K. J., Ram, N., Robinson, T. N., & Reeves, B. (2024). Climate Impacts of Digital Use Supply Chains. Environmental Research Climate, 3(1), 015009.
Su, Y., Li, Z., & Yang, C. (2021). Spatial Interaction Spillover Effects Between Digital Financial Technology and Urban Ecological Efficiency in China: An Empirical Study Based on Spatial Simultaneous Equations. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(16), 8535.
Syahril, R., Priatna, P., Hutomo, A., & Wulandari, S. (2024). The Impact of Technology on Family Communication. Golden Ratio of Data in Summary, 4(2), 1001–1009.
Talmon, G. A., Nasir, S. L., Dallaghan, G. L. B., Nelson, K., Harter, D., Atiya, S., Renavikar, P. S., & Miller, M. (2022). Teaching About Intergenerational Dynamics: An Exploratory Study of Perceptions and Prevalence in US Medical Schools. Advances in Medical Education and Practice, Volume 13, 113–119.
Twenge, J. M., & Martin, G. N. (2020). Gender Differences in Associations Between Digital Media Use and Psychological Well‐being: Evidence From Three Large Datasets. Journal of Adolescence, 79(1), 91–102.
Vafaeva, K. M., Ghalwan, M., Surekha, P., Nangia, R., & Bharadwaj, D. (2024). Community Engagement in Smart Cities: A Social Network Analysis and Community Engagement Test. Bio Web of Conferences, 86, 01073.
Wang, J., Cao, S.-J., & Yu, C. W. (2020). Development Trend and Challenges of Sustainable Urban Design in the Digital Age. Indoor and Built Environment, 30(1), 3–6.
Wang, X., & Wang, Y. (2024). Association Between Digital Engagement and Urban-Rural Disparities in Chinese Women’s Depressive Symptoms: A National-Level Cross-Sectional Study. Digital Health, 10.
Xu, C. L. (2020). Tackling Rural-Urban Inequalities Through Educational Mobilities: Rural-Origin Chinese Academics From Impoverished Backgrounds Navigating Higher Education. Policy Reviews in Higher Education, 4(2), 179–202.
Yang, Z., Liu, T., & Xiao, Y. (2022). Digital Finance and Migrant Workers’ Urban Integration: The Mediation Effect of the Gender-Earning Gap. Frontiers in Public Health, 10.
Zhang, D., Zhang, G., Jiao, Y., Wang, Y., & Wang, P. (2022). “Digital Dividend” or “Digital Divide”: What Role Does the Internet Play in the Health Inequalities Among Chinese Residents? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(22), 15162.
Zhang, R., & Zhang, X. (2022). Spatial–Temporal Differentiation and the Driving Mechanism of Rural Transformation Development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Sustainability, 14(5), 2584.
Zhou, X., Cheng, M., & Ye, C. (2023). The Impact of Household Migration on the Intergenerational Educational Mobility: Based on the Perspective of Adolescent Development. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(6), 4825.
Zhu, S., Yang, H. H., Wu, D., & Chen, F. (2021). Investigating the Relationship Between Information Literacy and Social Media Competence Among University Students. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 59(7), 1425–1449.
Zis, S. F., Effendi, N., & Roem, E. R. (2021). Perubahan Perilaku Komunikasi Generasi Milenial Dan Generasi Z Di Era Digital. Satwika Kajian Ilmu Budaya Dan Perubahan Sosial, 5(1), 69–87.
Zulfie, V., & Kusumayanti, D. D. (2023). Intertwined Gender Inequality in Desy Anwar’s “Growing Pains.” Litera, 22(3), 330–341.
