Bibliometric Study of Outcome-Based Education (OBE) Curriculum as a Basis for Developing an Entrepreneurial Mindset and Empowering Human Capital in Higher Education
Keywords:
Entrepreneurial Mindset, Human Capital, Outcome-Based Education (OBE), Self-EfficacyAbstract
This bibliometric study rigorously examines the impact of Outcome-Based Education (OBE) curricula in Indonesian universities on developing an entrepreneurial mindset and human capital. It posits three arguments: (1) OBE enhances academic achievement; (2) OBE strengthens adaptability to industry needs; and (3) OBE aligns graduates’ competitiveness with Indonesia’s regulatory and economic goals. These points underpin the research focus. Following the establishment of these foundational arguments, the study then adopted a structured bibliometric approach. Specifically, it reviewed Scopus-indexed publications (2020–2025) using PRISMA and Bibliometrix Biblioshiny in R. This analysis revealed a notable increase in research on OBE and the entrepreneurial mindset, reinforcing the study’s central claims. Furthermore, the implementation of OBE stimulates outcome-focused learning, interdisciplinary collaboration, and innovation, key factors that enable graduates to adapt successfully to various contexts. Extending these findings to practical applications, the study next examines the challenges of integrating OBE into entrepreneurship curricula. Institutions often encounter hurdles such as insufficient lecturer expertise in OBE pedagogy, a lack of dedicated financial and material resources for program development, and challenges in designing assessment tools that objectively capture creative and non-linear competencies. Nevertheless, experiential learning, business simulations, and collaborative projects continue to foster students' creativity, innovation, and real-world problem-solving skills. The study asserts that OBE-centered curricula are essential for producing entrepreneurial graduates equipped with digital literacy, leadership skills, and self-efficacy. Additionally, cross-border partnerships promise to enhance these outcomes. By focusing on these core competencies, universities not only prepare students for a globalized market but also contribute to national innovation and the development of human capital.
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