Tourism Management in Coastal and Island Areas: Planning Strategies for Sustainable Development
Keywords:
Coastal Tourism, Land-Use Management, Small Islands, Spatial Planning, SustainabilityAbstract
Coastal areas and small islands in Indonesia possess high tourism potential, yet they are highly vulnerable to environmental degradation caused by poorly managed tourism activities. Therefore, effective tourism management strategies are needed through spatial planning approaches that balance economic utilization with environmental preservation. This study aims to examine tourism management strategies for coastal and island areas within the framework of sustainable development. The research employs a literature review and descriptive analysis of tourism management practices and policies in several regions of Indonesia. The findings indicate that the application of carrying capacity principles, diversification of tourism products, and strengthening the role of local communities are key factors in maintaining sustainability. Furthermore, integrating spatial planning policies with tourism development has proven effective in minimizing land-use conflicts and mitigating environmental impacts. The study concludes that managing coastal and island tourism requires synergy between government, private stakeholders, and local communities within a participatory planning framework. In this way, tourism development not only contributes to local economic growth but also ensures the preservation of coastal and island ecosystems for future generations.
References
Budianto, R., & Prasetyo, T. (2020). Community-based tourism and local empowerment in Indonesian coastal areas. Journal of Tourism Development Studies, 8(3), 112–125.
Irwan, Agustang, A., Adam, A., Upe, A. (2021). Community Empowerment Strategy towards a Sustainable Rural Community-based Tourısm Village. Turkish Online Journal of Qualitative Inquiry (TOJQI), 12(3), 2065- 2076.
Kementerian Agraria dan Tata Ruang/Badan Pertanahan Nasional (ATR/BPN). (2020). Kebijakan Penataan Ruang Wilayah Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil. Jakarta: Direktorat Jenderal Tata Ruang.
Kementerian Pariwisata dan Ekonomi Kreatif Republik Indonesia. (2019). Rencana Induk Pembangunan Kepariwisataan Nasional (RIPPARNAS) 2010–2025. Jakarta: Kemenparekraf RI.
Putra, A. N., Santoso, H., & Lestari, F. (2022). Institutional coordination in coastal tourism management: Policy integration and local governance challenges. Marine Policy, 142, 105–112.
Rahayu, M., Eppang, B. M., Renold, Machmury, A., Muchlis, F. F., Ridwan, M., Pastini, N. W. & Oktawirani, P. (2024). The Untia Coastal Tourism Village: The Driving Force Behind the Development of Makassar’s New Port. International Journal of Qualitative Research, 3(3), 296-303.
Satria, A., Fauzi, A., & Pomeroy, R. (2021). Policy integration for sustainable coastal management in Indonesia: Lessons from local implementation. Ocean & Coastal Management, 212, 105817.
Sugiharto, B., & Darmawan, D. (2020). Evaluating environmental carrying capacity in tourism planning: A case from Indonesian coastal zones. Journal of Environmental Planning and Policy, 22(4), 298–310.
UNWTO. (2018). Tourism and the Sustainable Development Goals – Journey to 2030.
Madrid: United Nations World Tourism Organization.
Upe, A., Safarudin, L. O., & Syukur, L. O. (2024). The Socio-economic Development of Coastal Communities Based on Ecotourism in the Kendari-Toronipa Road Area. Indonesian Annual Conference Series, (Proceedings of IACS-IHCRGESND, Nigeria), 34-41.
Widianingsih, L., & Yusuf, M. (2021). Spatial planning approach for sustainable marine tourism development in archipelagic regions. Indonesian Journal of Regional Planning, 15(2), 55–70.
World Bank. (2020). Sustainable coastal and marine tourism in Southeast Asia: Policy guidelines for inclusive growth. Washington, DC: World Bank Publications.
Yuliana, D., & Hartono, S. (2019). Linking spatial planning and ecotourism policy for sustainable island management in Indonesia. Journal of Sustainable Tourism Policy, 6(1), 45–60.
