Isolation and Identification of S. aureus in Urinary Tract Infection
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47540/ijcs.v2i2.795Keywords:
Aflatoxin, Ciprofloxacin, Isolation, Urinary Tract Infection (UTI), TeicoplaninAbstract
Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) defines a condition in which the urinary tract is infected with a pathogen causing inflammation which is a common, distressing, and occasionally life-threatening condition. Staphylococcus aureus is frequently isolated from urine samples obtained from long-term care patients. The significance of staphylococcal bacteriuria is uncertain. We hypothesized that S. aureus is a urinary pathogen and that colonized urine could be a source of future staphylococcal infection. Methods: This study focused on the frequency of S. aureus and its antibiotic susceptibility in different gender in the Derna District. A total of 200 UTI cases were reviewed in this study from Augustus 2022 to October 2022. Midstream specimens of urine, preferably of the first-morning void were collected from known UTI patients. Cultural and biochemical characterization of S. aureus Results: During this study period 200 samples were received, and from these samples, 170 bacterial isolates were obtained. Out of 170 isolates 160 were identified as S.aureus. Out of this predominant numbers were that of S.aureus 160 (94%), followed by other bacterial isolated 10 (6%). Also, it is shown that the highest number of S. aureus isolated were from married females (57.3%) followed by a male (42.7%). And it is showing 69.3% sensitivity toward Ciprofloxacin. Followed by Teicoplanin which shows 25.3% sensitivity, piperacillin, and Ofloxacin showed the lowest sensitivity. Thus our study showed that there were statistically significant differences between the isolated S. aureus and age, gender, and marital status. We concluded that ciprofloxacin is a better antibiotic used for S. aureus.
References
Abbo, L. M., & Hooton, T. M. (2014). Antimicrobial stewardship and urinary tract infections. Antibiotics, 3(2), 174–192.
Araki, M., Kariyama, R., Monden, K., Tsugawa, M., & Kumon, H. (2002). Molecular epidemiological studies of Staphylococcus aureus in urinary tract infection. Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy, 8(2), 168–174.
Baron, S. (1996). Medical microbiology.
Barrett, S. P., Savage, M. A., Rebec, M. P., Guyot, A., Andrews, N., & Shrimpton, S. B. (1999). Antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria associated with community-acquired urinary tract infection in Britain. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 44(3), 359–365.
Behzadi, P., Behzadi, E., & Ranjbar, R. (2015). Urinary tract infections and Candida albicans. Central European Journal of Urology, 68.
Behzadi, P., Behzadi, E., Yazdanbod, H., Aghapour, R., Cheshmeh, M. A., Omran, D. S., & Branch, S.-Q. (2013.). A survey on urinary tract infections associated with the three most common uropathogenic bacteria.
Bennett, J. E., Dolin, R., & Blaser, M. J. (2019). Mandell, douglas, and bennett’s principles and practice of infectious diseases E-book. Elsevier health sciences.
Breitenbucher, R. B. (1984.). Bacterial Changes in the Urine Samples of Patients with Long-term Indwelling Catheters.
Callan, A., O’Shea, E., Galvin, S., Duane, S., Corry, O., Team, T. Simp., & Vellinga, A. (2014). The economic cost of urinary tract infections in the community: Results from Ireland. Value in Health, 17(7), A468.
Calzi, A., Grignolo, S., Caviglia, I., Calevo, M. G., Losurdo, G., Piaggio, G., Bandettini, R., & Castagnola, E. (2016). Resistance to oral antibiotics in 4569 Gram-negative rods isolated from urinary tract infection in children. European Journal of Pediatrics, 175, 1219–1225.
Capitano, B., Leshem, O. A., Nightingale, C. H., & Nicolau, D. P. (2003). Cost Effect of Managing Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus in a Long-Term Care Facility. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 51(1), 10–16.
Demuth PJ, Gerding GN, Crossley K. (1979). Staphylococcus aureus bacteriuria. Arch Intern Med, (139),78–80.
Eljamay, S. M. Escherichia Coli bacteria Infection in Females Urinary Tract. JJ Nepho Urol, 6 (2) 043.
Eljamay, S. M., Younus, M. M., Elgebaily, E. S. M., & Khalifa, H. (2022). Relationship between Symptoms Resulting from Taking the Covid-19 Vaccine, Health and Knowledge. East Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 1(10), 2077–2090.
Elzouki, E. M., Ibrahim, N. A., & Eljamay, S. M. (2022). A comparative study of disinfectants for cleaning intensive care unit surfaces. African Journal of Advanced Pure and Applied Sciences (AJAPAS), 227–230.
Elzouki, E. M., Ibrahim, N. A., Eljamay, S. M., & Bojazyah, A. M. (2023). Antimicrobial Resistant Bacteria Isolated from Intensive Care Units. Indonesian Journal of Innovation and Applied Sciences (IJIAS), 3(1), 45–50.
Flores-Mireles, A. L., Walker, J. N., Caparon, M. & Hultgren, S. J. (2015). Urinary tract infections: epidemiology, mechanisms of infection and treatment options. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 13, 269–284.
Garner, J. S., Jarvis, W. R., Emori, T. G., Horan, T. C., & Hughes, J. M. (1988). CDC definitions for nosocomial infections, 1988. American Journal of Infection Control, 16(3), 128–140.
Goldstein, F. W. (2000). Antibiotic Susceptibility of Bacterial Strains Isolated from Patients with Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections in France. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, 19(2), 112–117.
Gupta, K., Hooton, T. M., Naber, K. G., Wullt, B., Colgan, R., Miller, L. G., Moran, G. J., Nicolle, L. E., Raz, R., Schaeffer, A. J., & Soper, D. E. (2011). International Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Treatment of Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis and Pyelonephritis in Women: A 2010 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the European Society for Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 52(5), e103–e120.
Hooton, T. M., Bradley, S. F., Cardenas, D. D., Colgan, R., Geerlings, S. E., Rice, J. C., Saint, S., Schaeffer, A. J., Tambayh, P. A., & Tenke, P. (2010). Diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of catheter-associated urinary tract infection in adults: 2009 International Clinical Practice Guidelines from the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 50(5), 625–663.
Jones, J. W., Carter, A., Ewings, P., & O’Boyle, P. J. (1999). An MRSA outbreak in a urology ward and its association with Nd:YAG coagulation laser treatment of the prostate. Journal of Hospital Infection, 41(1), 39–44.
Lee, B. K., Crossley, K., & Gerding, D. N. (1978). The association between Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and bacteriuria. The American Journal of Medicine, 65(2), 303–306.
Manual of clinical microbiology 9E 2007. Volume 16 Number 3 June 1988,
Medical microbiology—Books—NCBI. (1996).
Mody, L., Kauffman, C. A., McNeil, S. A., Galecki, A. T., & Bradley, S. F. (2003). Mupirocin-Based Decolonization of Staphylococcus aureus Carriers in Residents of 2 Long-Term Care Facilities: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 37(11), 1467–1474.
Musher, D. M., & McKenzie, S. O. (1977). Infections due to Staphylococcus aureus. Medicine, 56(5), 383–410.
Pacio, G. A., Visintainer, P., Maguire, G., Wormser, G. P., Raffalli, J., & Montecalvo, M. A. (2003). Natural History of Colonization With Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus, and Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli Among Long-Term–Care Facility Residents. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, 24(4), 246–250.
Stefaniuk, E., Suchocka, U., Bosacka, K., & Hryniewicz, W. (2016). Etiology and antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial pathogens responsible for community-acquired urinary tract infections in Poland. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, 35(8), 1363–1369.
Thornsberry, C., & Mcdougal, L. K. (1983). Successful use of broth microdilution in susceptibility tests for methicillin-resistant (heteroresistant) staphylococci. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 18(5), 1084–1091.
Tong, S. Y., Davis, J. S., Eichenberger, E., Holland, T. L., & Fowler Jr, V. G. (2015). Staphylococcus aureus infections: Epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 28(3), 603–661.
Wiedemann, B., Heisig, A., & Heisig, P. (2014). Uncomplicated urinary tract infections and antibiotic resistance—Epidemiological and mechanistic aspects. Antibiotics, 3(3), 341–352.
Wormser, G. P., & Stratton, C. (2008). Manual of Clinical Microbiology, 9th Edition Edited by Patrick R. Murray, Ellen Jo Baron, James H. Jorgensen, Marie Louise Landry, and Michael A. Pfaller Washington, DC: ASM Press, 2007 2488 pp., illustrated. $209.95 (hardcover). Clinical Infectious Diseases, 46(1), 153–153.